{"title":"House and Profit","years":[1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024,2025],"baseYear":1984,"baseRule":"1984 is the first year of Census Table H-8 (median household income); every multiple is that year's value \u00f7 the same series' 1984 value. A different base year gives different multiples.","order":["profits","homes","income","prices"],"series":{"profits":{"label":"After-tax corporate profits","unit":"US$ millions, annual","values":[255791.0,271468.0,231694.0,258110.0,291977.0,294296.0,297514.0,330929.0,349376.0,375670.0,461420.0,522229.0,592186.0,665104.0,613362.0,639373.0,592962.0,617043.0,769692.0,863304.0,1042032.0,1150296.0,1265957.0,1204022.0,1089702.0,1221719.0,1502207.0,1581664.0,1723145.0,1718722.0,1805944.0,1777003.0,1768277.0,1928085.0,2067744.0,2174126.0,2100461.0,2629017.0,2764784.0,2959315.0,3075093.0,3386149.0],"source":"BEA NIPA Table 1.12, line 15: Profits after tax with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments (series A551RC), annual, current dollars","multiple":[1.0,1.061288,0.905794,1.009066,1.141467,1.150533,1.163114,1.293748,1.365865,1.46866,1.803895,2.041624,2.315117,2.600185,2.397903,2.499591,2.31815,2.412294,3.009066,3.375037,4.073763,4.497015,4.949185,4.707054,4.260126,4.776239,5.872791,6.183423,6.736535,6.719243,7.060233,6.94709,6.912976,7.537736,8.083725,8.499619,8.21163,10.277989,10.808762,11.569269,12.021897,13.237952]},"homes":{"label":"Home prices","unit":"index (FHFA HPI\u00ae All-Transactions, United States, not seasonally adjusted, nominal); annual mean of four quarters","values":[121.3375,127.5325,136.2475,145.065,152.84,160.915,165.9475,169.115,173.82,177.8725,182.37,187.9275,194.405,200.9125,211.2025,221.575,235.745,253.38,269.4125,286.21,313.04,348.5775,373.55,377.6975,358.265,338.3775,324.56,311.9975,311.1525,322.765,338.77,356.135,374.705,394.895,416.69,436.01,458.5675,521.5475,607.215,638.555,673.5075,699.3425],"source":"FHFA HPI\u00ae (All-Transactions, not seasonally adjusted, nominal), United States, quarterly; includes refinance appraisals","multiple":[1.0,1.051056,1.12288,1.19555,1.259627,1.326177,1.367652,1.393757,1.432533,1.465932,1.502998,1.5488,1.602184,1.655815,1.74062,1.826105,1.942887,2.088225,2.220356,2.358793,2.579911,2.872793,3.078603,3.112785,2.952632,2.78873,2.674853,2.57132,2.564356,2.66006,2.791965,2.935078,3.088122,3.254517,3.43414,3.593366,3.779273,4.298321,5.004347,5.262635,5.550695,5.763614]},"income":{"label":"Median household income","unit":"US$, current dollars","values":[22420.0,23620.0,24900.0,26060.0,27230.0,28910.0,29940.0,30130.0,30640.0,31240.0,32260.0,34080.0,35490.0,37010.0,38890.0,40700.0,41990.0,42230.0,42410.0,43320.0,44330.0,46330.0,48200.0,50230.0,50300.0,49780.0,49280.0,50050.0,51020.0,53590.0,53660.0,56520.0,59040.0,61140.0,63180.0,68700.0,68010.0,70780.0,74580.0,80610.0,83160.0,87460.0],"source":"U.S. Census Bureau, Table H-8, Median Household Income by State, United States row, current dollars (CPS ASEC); where a year has two estimates, the first listed (newer method) is used","columns":{"1984":"1984 (19)","1985":"1985 (20)","1986":"1986","1987":"1987 (21)","1988":"1988","1989":"1989","1990":"1990","1991":"1991","1992":"1992 (22)","1993":"1993 (23)","1994":"1994 (24)","1995":"1995 (25)","1996":"1996","1997":"1997","1998":"1998","1999":"1999 (29)","2000":"2000 (30)","2001":"2001","2002":"2002","2003":"2003","2004":"2004 (revised)","2005":"2005","2006":"2006","2007":"2007","2008":"2008","2009":"2009 (36)","2010":"2010 (37)","2011":"2011","2012":"2012","2013":"2013 (39)","2014":"2014","2015":"2015","2016":"2016","2017":"2017 (40)","2018":"2018","2019":"2019","2020":"2020 (41)","2021":"2021","2022":"2022","2023":"2023","2024":"2024 (42)","2025":"2025"},"multiple":[1.0,1.053524,1.110616,1.162355,1.214541,1.289474,1.335415,1.343889,1.366637,1.393399,1.438894,1.520071,1.582962,1.650758,1.734612,1.815343,1.872881,1.883586,1.891615,1.932203,1.977252,2.066459,2.149866,2.24041,2.243533,2.220339,2.198037,2.232382,2.275647,2.390277,2.393399,2.520963,2.633363,2.727029,2.81802,3.064228,3.033452,3.157003,3.326494,3.59545,3.709188,3.900981]},"prices":{"label":"Consumer prices","unit":"CPI-U, U.S. city average, all items, 1982\u201384 = 100, annual average","values":[103.9,107.6,109.6,113.6,118.3,124.0,130.7,136.2,140.3,144.5,148.2,152.4,156.9,160.5,163.0,166.6,172.2,177.1,179.9,184.0,188.9,195.3,201.6,207.342,215.303,214.537,218.056,224.939,229.594,232.957,236.736,237.017,240.007,245.12,251.107,255.657,258.811,270.97,292.655,304.702,313.689,321.943],"source":"BLS CPI-U, series CUUR0000SA0, annual average (M13)","multiple":[1.0,1.035611,1.05486,1.093359,1.138595,1.193455,1.25794,1.310876,1.350337,1.39076,1.426372,1.466795,1.510106,1.544755,1.568816,1.603465,1.657363,1.704524,1.731473,1.770934,1.818094,1.879692,1.940327,1.995592,2.072214,2.064841,2.09871,2.164957,2.209759,2.242127,2.278499,2.281203,2.309981,2.359192,2.416814,2.460606,2.490962,2.607988,2.816699,2.932647,3.019143,3.098585]}},"reference":{"gdp":{"label":"Gross domestic product","unit":"US$ millions","values":[4037613.0,4338979.0,4579631.0,4855215.0,5236438.0,5641580.0,5963144.0,6158129.0,6520327.0,6858559.0,7287236.0,7639749.0,8073122.0,8577552.0,9062817.0,9631172.0,10250952.0,10581929.0,10929108.0,11456450.0,12217196.0,13039197.0,13815583.0,14474228.0,14769862.0,14478067.0,15048971.0,15599732.0,16253970.0,16880683.0,17608138.0,18295019.0,18804913.0,19612102.0,20656516.0,21539982.0,21375281.0,23745848.0,26059709.0,27825886.0,29380991.0,30861292.0],"source":"BEA NIPA series A191RC"}},"provenance":{"retrieved":"2026-11-06","files":{"NipaDataA.txt":{"url":"https://apps.bea.gov/national/Release/TXT/NipaDataA.txt","sha256":"adef98fd3e86b492d37ceb4b10004d17902987bdd7b6c0a7672fa1c68760675c"},"SeriesRegister.txt":{"url":"https://apps.bea.gov/national/Release/TXT/SeriesRegister.txt","sha256":"f2426f6b219fb06c731ff298e66bb53fab5f60c6e0f637b24c92263150d82259"},"fhfa_hpi_at_us_and_census.csv":{"url":"https://www.fhfa.gov/hpi/download/quarterly_datasets/hpi_at_us_and_census.csv","sha256":"580d761c3488f3e9a6f25074bdace5de96f476f579c06eeb7144835e8f52deba"},"h08.xlsx":{"url":"https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/cps/tables/time-series/historical-income-households/h08.xlsx","sha256":"5cd4278aafb9852f9527bc03eadc43df03616000adce4799083fc3a48be313b2"},"bls_cpiu_1984_1993.json":{"url":"https://api.bls.gov/publicAPI/v2/timeseries/data/ (POST CUUR0000SA0, annualaverage)","sha256":"455195448c183f31f4d07ab7473392891334b503e1d489610d03c954b47d70f2"},"bls_cpiu_1994_2003.json":{"url":"https://api.bls.gov/publicAPI/v2/timeseries/data/ (POST CUUR0000SA0, annualaverage)","sha256":"6eb3f2df85d8c6a25d1b5bfeac3858843e89ccd00b4d20eee3de99fc99258112"},"bls_cpiu_2004_2013.json":{"url":"https://api.bls.gov/publicAPI/v2/timeseries/data/ (POST CUUR0000SA0, annualaverage)","sha256":"ebb3b17825f70c3c7a012dde330d8efc21ef216f375dcdd91f559dfacc9a726a"},"bls_cpiu_2014_2023.json":{"url":"https://api.bls.gov/publicAPI/v2/timeseries/data/ (POST CUUR0000SA0, annualaverage)","sha256":"3b4fae643caacde10cb3ca5235b9ee6d6f81b61556f494f78eaf0700940795fb"},"bls_cpiu_2024_2026.json":{"url":"https://api.bls.gov/publicAPI/v2/timeseries/data/ (POST CUUR0000SA0, annualaverage)","sha256":"4f42c496a41fbdac2c0ef5a4a32fd636da3bd7ab8a3801ee9654b5052929cb5b"}},"terms":{"BEA":"U.S. government work; BEA asks for citation","FHFA":"freely available for download; cite as FHFA HPI\u00ae (FHFA HPI\u00ae and FHFA House Price Index\u00ae are FHFA trademarks)","Census":"U.S. government open data; cite the Census Bureau","BLS":"public domain; cite the Bureau of Labor Statistics"}}}